Solid pine and engineered wood frame. 360-degree swivel base. High-gauge zigzag springs provide cushion support. Seat cushion has fiber-wrapped, high-resiliency polyurethane foam cores. Seat firmness: Medium. On a scale from 1 to 5 (5 being firmest), it's a 4. Back cushion has loose fiber fill. Loose, nonreversible cushions with zip-off covers. Assembled in the USA.