Solid oak and engineered hardwood frame with reinforced joinery. Solid wood legs. High-gauge sinuous springs provide cushion support. Seat cushions have fiber-wrapped, high-resiliency polyurethane foam cores. Seat firmness: Medium. On a scale from 1 to 5 (5 being firmest), we rate it a 4. Back cushions are foam and fiber filled. Reversible cushions (Astor Velvet excluded); seat cushions have zip-off covers. Legs can be removed. Hand assembled and upholstered in the USA.