Hand upholstered. Solid wood legs. Solid oak and engineered hardwood frame with reinforced joinery. High-gauge sinuous springs provide cushion support. Seat cushions have fiber-wrapped, high-resiliency polyurethane foam cores. Seat firmness: Medium. On a scale from 1 to 5 (5 being firmest), it's a 4. Back cushions are foam and fiber filled. Reversible cushions; seat cushions have zip-off covers. Assembled in the USA.